Acute Trauma

• accident
• assault
• loss
• natural disaster
• or other overwhelming or life-altering event

Chronic Trauma

• war/combat exposure
• persistent danger
• systemic stress
• first responder work
• repeated, unrelated events
• chronic illness
• ongoing relational instability
• ongoing domestic violence

Developmental Trauma

• childhood emotional neglect, physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse
• emotionally unavailable, inconsistent, or dysfunctional caregiving environments

Additional Consideration

Vicarious Trauma

• bearing witness to another’s trauma, often referred to as the “cost of caring” and “compassion fatigue”